Showing posts with label AU. Show all posts
Showing posts with label AU. Show all posts

Thursday, 8 October 2026

Au story - Oct 8

 Obligatory disclaimer: real life sucks, so here's an AU story to cheer you up.


The transition zone between the high scree and the lower crags is quiet, wrapped in the deep blue hush of pre-dawn.

Down by the margin of a glacial meltwater pool, the mountain sheep move like ghosts. They do not care about the hour; they care only for the wind and the sharp edge of stone beneath their hooves. Every step is deliberate, silent—not a single pebble loosens or clatters down the slope.

The lowland leopard cares even less about the time. He has been trailing them for an hour, belly-low to the frost-rimed slate, using every shadow and fold of the rock as cover. When he surges forward, exploding from an overhang, his pounce is a blur of kinetic violence. The sheep scatter instantly, their sure-footed panic a sudden flurry of white rumps and flashing horns up the ravine.

Before the leopard can secure a flank or pin a lagging yearling, a heavy, long-tailed shape drops from a higher ledge.

It is the snow leopard—the ounce—, which had been silently shadowing the trespasser, down the mountain. With a heavy, thudding impact and a low, resonant hiss, the ounce intercepts, claiming a young ewe that stumbled in the scramble.

There is no prolonged fight, no roaring battle for dominance. Both cats know the cost of broken ribs on a vertical slope. With heavy breathing and ears pinned back in mutual disdain, they establish an immediate, pragmatic hierarchy. The ounce drags its prize further up the steep, jagged incline to a sheltered shelf of rock to feed out of the wind.

The leopard does not press the issue. He follows at a distance, padding up the slope with measured, sullen steps. He will wait. Once the ounce has torn its fill and retreated into the grey morning mist, the leopard will step in to take what remains. It is an uneasy truce carved into the stone—a fragile, cold coexistence where survival always outweighs pride.

The morning sun climbs higher over the arid expanse where the desert meets the scrubland, casting long, sharp shadows across the dry earth. A small family herd of domestic camels—long-limbed, thick-coated, and notoriously stubborn—has wandered far from the shelter of the low-lying human settlement. The air is still cool, and the desert flora, wrapped in prickles and tough fibers, offers a tempting morning harvest.

As the mud-brick walls and low roofs of the settlement fade behind a low ridge, the camels slow their pace. They spread out, their split upper lips deftly selecting the resilient desert shrubs while the sun climbs higher and the air begins to bake.

They are not alone on the plains.

Crouched in the meager shade of an acacia scrub, a coalition of young nomadic lions watches them. Recently separated from their pride, the young males are lean, inexperienced, and ravenously hungry. Spotting the wandering camel family, they misread docility for weakness.

The lions break cover, fanning out in a low, determined stalk. However, these are not panicky sheep or fragile gazelles. As the golden-maned shadows close the distance, the lead camel—a massive, broad-chested beast—stops chewing. It turns square to the threat, lowering its head, stamping its heavy-nailed feet into the dust with a hollow thud, and baring a formidable set of long, sharp teeth designed for crushing tough desert wood.

The young lions hesitate for a fraction of a second, but hunger and bravado override caution. They drop their shoulders, twitch their tail-tips, and prepare to spring.

Before the first cat can launch its pounce, the lead camel's throat expands. With a sharp, guttural retch, it abruptly hurls a massive, foul-smelling wad of half-digested stomach cud straight across the intervening gap. The projectile flies with surprising speed and force, striking the front-running lion squarely on the shoulder with a wet thwack that leaves the big cat reeling as if hit by a heavy stone.

The shock halts the charge instantly. The lions freeze, confused and unnerved by the chemical stench and the sheer audacity of the counter-attack.

That single heartbeat of hesitation is the entire margin required. From over the ridge comes the sharp cracking of staves and the urgent, high shouts of the human owners, who have tracked their wandering stock. The herdsmen fan out, waving heavy cloaks and hurling stones with practiced precision, backing their display with the fierce, protective authority of keepers defending their livelihood.

For the young, recently independent lions, the calculus shifts. Outnumbered, disoriented by the foul-tasting missile, and facing shouting bipeds with weapons, their thin veneer of courage evaporates. With a low, frustrated huff, they wheel around and bound away through the brush, melting back into the heat haze.

As the sun bakes the dry plains into a shimmering glare, the tension drains from the landscape. The camels resume their steady, rhythmic chewing, turning unbothered back toward the distant walls of the settlement, flanked by their watchful human companions.

The sun beats down with a heavy, shimmering glare, baking the desert floor until the air dances above the sand. Out on the open dunes, the heat is palpable, driving even the resilient young lions to seek whatever meager shade they can find. They press their lean bodies into the hollows beneath low, sun-baked dunes and sparse, wiry bushes, their tawny coats dissolving into the pale earth.

Yet, hunger and restless curiosity are hard to sleep off.

One of the young males lifts his head, his amber eyes catching a flicker of movement through the pale stalks of a desert shrub. A long, undulating tail—distinctly banded with dark, rhythmic stripes—is switching slowly among the vegetation.

Convinced it is an easy meal or an animal foolishly cornered, the lions rise silently from the sand, fanning out in a loose, opportunistic semicircle. They creep forward, shoulders low, ready to pounce on whatever is hiding in the brush.

At the very first brush of a paw against the twigs, the owner of the tail whirls around with surprising, explosive speed.

It is a massive desert monitor lizard—an ancient, armored titan of the sands, stretching nearly as long as a big cat from snout to whip-like tail, though riding low and flat to the ground.

Before the startled lions can close the distance, the monitor rears up slightly, flattening its massive body and inflating its muscular throat into a dark, pulsing balloon. It opens its jaws wide, unleashing a fierce, guttering hiss that sounds like escaping steam, while its forked tongue darts rapidly in and out to taste the air.

For the inexperienced young lions, who have never faced an aggressive reptile of this magnitude, the sudden display is entirely disorienting. The sheer alien posture, the hissing armor, and the intimidating size make them balk mid-stride. They pull back, ears flicking in uncertainty.

That single moment of hesitation is all the monitor needs. With a sudden burst of powerful, splayed limbs, the giant lizard whips around and bolts for a deep rocky crevice between the dunes, kicking up a spray of sand as it vanishes into safety.

Left behind in the glaring midday heat, the young lions stare after it, shaking their heads in bewildered frustration as the blistering desert wind sweeps across the empty sand.

Frustrated and still burning with hunger, the young lions do not give up easily. They push past the rocky hollow where the monitor vanished, their eyes scanning the hot sand for any sign of movement.

A sudden, sharp rustle in the dry scrub draws their attention. A long, sleek shape glides through the dust—the ancient, hooded sovereign of the sands.

It is a massive desert cobra. The queen of serpents coils instantly, lifting the front third of her body high into the air with terrifying grace. She flares her broad hood, exposing the stark, ominous patterns on the back of her neck, and emits a steady, low-pitched hiss that vibrates through the hot air.

The lions freeze. Even these inexperienced youths know the danger; they recognize the unmistakable posture of venomous death.

Instead of blundering forward, a deadly coordination takes over. The bolder of the two lions steps directly into the cobra's field of vision, stamping his paws, shaking his mane, and feinting forward to draw every ounce of the serpent's lethal focus. The cobra tracks him, her hood swaying, waiting for a chance to strike.

While the queen is locked on the front-facing threat, the second lion moves like a phantom. Stepping on silent, cushioned pads, he circles completely around the rear of the coil.

With a sudden, explosive contraction of muscle, the flanking lion delivers a massive, lightning-fast swipe with a heavy paw, its curved claws fully extended. The force of the blow strikes the snake off-balance, crushing her spine before she can pivot.

The brief, tense drama of the dunes ends in the dust. As the sun climbs relentlessly toward the blinding zenith of noon, baking the desert floor into an oven, the two young hunters finally claim their hard-won, meager meal—a grim reminder that out here, every meal is paid for in risk and strategy.

The sun hangs motionless at the zenith, casting a blinding, white-hot glare across the crags and slopes. The desert air is stifling, and most of the mountain life has vanished into deep, cool rock clefts to wait out the worst of the heat. Only the hardy mountain partridges peck steadily among the sun-baked stones, scratching for seeds.

From the meager shade of a granite slab, the lowland leopard watches them. His belly is still heavy from the ewe he shared earlier, and the punishing weight of the midday heat drains all ambition. A chase right now would be a waste of precious calories, especially with the odds of a successful ambush crippled by the blistering air. He stays put, content to let the birds pass.

High above, a sharp, metallic piping shatters the silence. A pair of crimson-winged wallcreepers flash across the rock face, their alarm calls echoing off the cliffs.

The partridges freeze, and then scatter instantly.

Looking up, the source of the alarm becomes clear: a snow leopard and her half-grown kitten are picking their way down the steep slope, stepping carefully over the hot scree. As the mother and her cub descend toward the winding stream below, the perspective broadens—far down in the valley, shimmering through the heat haze, the low mud walls of the human settlement and the camel corral stand exposed against the dust.

The sun slowly begins its agonizing descent, the harsh glare softening just a fraction into a heavy, brassy afternoon. Yet, the thirst of the high mountains is unrelenting. The ounce and her kitten need water.

A short distance behind them, the leopard rises from his shelter, shaking dust from his spotted coat. He, too, is parched. Keeping a careful, respectful distance from the heavier mother, he trails behind them down the mountain path, all thoughts of rivalry suspended under the oppressive weight of the day, as both predators make their quiet way toward the stream flowing down the mountainside.

The stream cuts through a sheltered mountain copse where silvery-leafed sycamores cluster thickly along the banks, casting deep, cool shade across the earth as the afternoon finally begins to cool.

The leopard is entirely in his element here. Freed from the glaring, open rock faces, he slips among the trunks, nose to the ground, checking the invisible bulletin board of the woods. So far, the scent markers tell a familiar, grating story: the stale, musky footprint of hyenas trailing up from the lowlands, and the heavy, lingering odor of the nomadic lions that pushed too far from the plains earlier in the day. The leopard wrinkles his nose in disdain; he cares nothing for the lions' passing, and neither does the female ounce, who has ventured unusually far down the mountain slope, away from the high alpine crags that form her traditional stronghold.

For now, the copse is wrapped in a quiet, humid hush. The only movement comes from the damp leaf litter underfoot, where emerald-green frogs leap away from the approaching paws, vanishing beneath the silvery, fallen sycamore leaves and into the shallows. Nearby, freshwater crayfish and armored crabs scuttle sideways between rounded pebbles, disappearing into dark crevices beneath the bank.

The adult cats ignore the scuttling micro-life, their focus entirely fixed on the clear, cold water of the stream. Nevertheless, the snow leopard kitten, full of restless energy now that the heat is breaking, swats playfully at the water, trying in vain to pin a darting crayfish. Every clumsy lunge misses, sending up tiny splashes of crystal spray.

Overhead, the fierce brass of the afternoon softens into long amber rays. The day begins to give way to the long-awaited evening at last, bringing a cool breath of mountain air down through the sycamore boughs.

As the long evening shadows stretch across the foothills, the oppressive heat of the day finally breaks, and the landscape begins to stir with nocturnal life.

From the rough shelter of a boulder field, a small pack of striped hyenas—leaner, shaggier, and more solitary than their massive spotted cousins of the open plains—stretches and wakes. True scavengers of the rough terrain rather than crushing apex bone-crushers, they lift their muzzles to the cooling air and break into a chaotic, wailing cacophony of giggles, yaps, and low whoops, broadcasting their awakening to the entire valley. Across the slopes, distant rival hyena families answer the call. Within minutes, the rocky foothills vibrate with the echoing din, a rolling chorus that marks the shift from day to night.

The sudden uproar is too much for the large cats. The leopard, having quenched his thirst, turns away from the stream and slips silently up a steep, rocky spine toward the middle elevations. A short distance away, the female ounce nudges her playful kitten, and the two ghosts of the mountain melt upward into the gathering dusk. The day is ending, and the true hunting hours are approaching; neither predator wants a noisy clan of scavengers tailing their moves or giving away their position.

Down in the valley, the human settlement secures its perimeter as twilight deepens. The villagers lock the heavy wooden gates of the camel corral, ensuring their livestock are safely penned away from the shifting dangers of the nocturnal wilderness.

Yet, deep in the scrub-fringed lowlands, a different power acknowledges the noise. Unbothered by the hyenas' chorus, the young nomadic lions lift their heavy heads. A deep, chest-rattling roar tears through the cooling air, shaking the brush and rolling across the darkening plains. They are here, holding their ground, and as the stars emerge over the vast landscape, it is entirely uncertain whose territory this will truly be tomorrow.

As the sun dips below the horizon, the desert air plunges from sweltering heat to a biting chill. High above, the snow leopards are entirely at home in the freezing mountain air, while the adaptable lowland leopards handle the thermal shift with ease. Neither cat has any desire to venture down onto the dark plains, especially with the lingering roars of the young nomadic lions still echoing in the distance.

On the open plains, twilight belongs to the wild asses. As dusk settles, the herd emerges to graze, relying on sharp senses and constant vigilance. While some feed on the sparse grasses, others stand sentinel, scanning the gathering shadows. Unlike the domestic camels tucked safely behind human fences, these wild equids have no refuge except their own speed and caution, knowing the fading light brings maximum danger.

The young nomadic lions know this, too. Moving with ghost-like stealth, they abandon their roars and stalk through the tall grass in absolute silence.

Then, the stillness shatters. A sudden, thunderous roar erupts directly behind the herd, terrifying the wild asses into a chaotic, multi-directional stampede. Before the dust can settle, one of the lions explodes from the gloom, smashing into a fleeing adult equid and dragging it violently to the earth. The struggle is fierce, but short.

The second lion races over to join his coalition partner. The desert cobra from earlier was a mere snack; now, they finally have a substantial, blood-warm meal to sink their teeth into.

They barely have time to tear into the flesh. A truncated, sharp cry from another wild ass echoes across the dark flats, and suddenly, the night-lights up with glowing points of reflected amber and green.

It is a ring of hungry spectators: the striped hyenas and giant monitor lizards, drawn by the smell of fresh meat. Worse than the scavengers are the new pairs of eyes catching the starlight from the ridge. The local, resident pride lions—the heavy-maned rulers of these traditional plains—have arrived, and neither the scavengers nor the young, trespassing nomads expected them to cross paths quite so soon.

The night folds over the vast, rugged landscape, blanketing the peaks and the plains in a deep, cool stillness. High above, on silent, leathery wings, bats weave through the pale moonlight to snatch frantic moths from the air, only to find themselves shadowed by the noiseless, sweeping descent of hunting owls.

Farther up, where the jagged crags bite into the stars, the mountain is quiet save for the soft scrape of padded paws. The snow leopards and their lowland leopard cousins move like smoke through the high forests and steep, rocky terraces. They keep their distance, reading the invisible language of scent-marks left on stone and bark—a silent, mutual agreement that keeps the peace for now.

Down on the dry plains, however, silence is impossible. Here, the social machinery of the cats takes over. The young nomadic interlopers and the heavy, entrenched resident pride face off in the dark. Low, vibrating growls and chest-deep moans roll across the grass as both sides’ posture, testing strength and resolve in an escalating game of territorial gambling. The hierarchy of the lowlands is being hammered out in real-time, and the question of who truly rules the plains remains fiercely contested.

As for the other great cats of this world—the stealthy jungle jaguars pacing beneath the canopy and the solitary tigers prowling the deep northern taiga—their stories wait in the shadows, ready for another night.

What do you think? Comments are welcome!

Wednesday, 21 June 2017

GoT - AU fiction

For a change, here are some rough ideas for my AU Game of Thrones’ story that I might be writing someday.

1) Both Lyanna Stark and Elia Martell survived the raid and the war, as did their children. Because Eddard had a falling-out with Robert, (or rather, he would chose Lyanna even over the king every time, period), he agreed to hide Lyanna in Dorne, alongside Elia. Oberyn Martell, who would not mind having Dorne rule the Iron Throne and the rest of Westeros, has offered to marry Lyanna to help her further, and Lyanna tentatively agreed for the sake of her, Jon, Elia, etc. (The Game of Thrones is afoot). Now, the North (Starks) and the East (Dorne) are tentative political allies, mostly because the West (Lannisters) and the South (Tyrells) do not care for them very much, the Vale (Arryn) and the Riverlands (Tully) are with king Robert (and King’s Landing), and the Ironborn…no one really wants to deal with the Ironborn, period.

In addition, since Oberyn is married, Ellaria Sand got handed over to Eddard as a consolation prize. (People in Dorne are not nicer than they are in the rest of Westeros). Since Eddard was aware that Catelyn Tully was in love with his late elder brother, he was kind of won over by Ellaria eventually and the two married. Ellaria actually makes a better lady of the North than Catelyn did, she is not from ‘the South’, but from the East, and was trained to be accommodating and compromising; plus the fact that she knows that Jon is not Eddard’s oldest son, but his nephew helps. Oberyn continues to make his own plans, but for now he, (and Eddard, and the others) are content to wait and see what Robert does next to use his mistakes against him. (People in Westeros can be patient – especially in Dorne, you know?) Thus, for now both North and East are content with peace, carefully strengthening their alliance and figuring where to go from there.

2) Lady Lannister did not die giving birth to Tyrion; thus, while Tyrion is still a dwarf, his, (or rather – their) mother lived, and eventually Lannisters had another child – another daughter. Thus, lady Lannister remained in the lives of her family to ensure that Tywin doesn’t turn into Westeros’ first supervillain ever, (Hell, the man had lions in the basement of his castle!), and the twins didn’t have incest, (because no mother could ever approve of something like that), so the Lannisters aren’t tethering at the edge of an abyss but are actually human, (even if just by Westeros’ standards). Rather, they are carefully consolidating their power, (Cersei has not married Robert, Jaime is not in Kingsguard because he is the heir to CR etc.,) in the West. They are not friends with the Starks, but Starks’ alliance with Dorne ensures that the Lannisters’ are not sure that they win, and so for the moment there is no war in Westeros.

In addition, for now Tywin and the rest of the Lannisters are strengthening the west and are planning to make their next move…whatever it is. They still do not like Starks very much, but are not ready to battle them…for now.

3) Finally, Robert is married to Catelyn Tully (canon lady Stark), her sister is married to Arryn, the King’s Hand, and for the moment both the Riverlands and the Vale are the strongest supporters of the Baratheon regime. Petyr Baelish is still around, but killing a king is harder than any lord, (even someone like Stark), plus there is the matter of Robert’s brothers, (and potential heirs), so for now Baelish is biding his time and figuring out what to do next.

4) And elsewhere things are as they are in the canon, (especially Daenerys). That is all I got so far. What do you think?


Friday, 3 March 2017

Gilmore Girls gone wrong AU - March 3

For a change, here's a very rough draft of how post-main series 'Gilmore Girls' could've gone so wrong. (Maybe one day I will even flesh it out some).

1. Rory and Logan’s relationship never recovered and neither did Rory’s career (part 1)

In her years since graduating, Rory Gilmore became a truly entitled Republican, the Bohemian version. For months, if not years, she enjoyed being Logan Huntzberger’s mistress – and nothing more. As a result, her personality and skills deteriorated, and eventually Logan kicked her out – in part because of his family’s prompting, but in part because Rory herself no longer resembled the girl that he befriended, (and more), in college. He grew up. Rory just grew out.

2. Rory’s daughter grew as ‘something else’

Stephanie Cari Lorelai Gilmore II grew up as someone else. She was named after her grandma Lorelei Gilmore I, (Rory tried to mend the fences with her mum at the time), and there were some physical similarities but otherwise? Whereas Lorelai had loved her daughter and cared for her, Rory not so much. Her personality continued to deteriorate and she would often take it out on her daughter – who reciprocated it, but also copied her mother’s behavior as well. As a result, while Rory, (due to her grandparents’ will) did inherit a certain amount of money that allowed her to live comfortably and some degree of respectability, her daughter’s behavior was much more white trash.

3. Rory’s attempts to restart her career with the book backfired (part 2)

Rory’s attempt to restart her career as a writer by writing the book about her, her mum and grandmum backfired. The problem was in her writing skills – she was equally bad as a writer as she was a journalist. People largely ignored her book, gave it bad reviews, or demanded their money back. The publishing house who released Rory’s work had a ‘no money back’ policy, so there was a slew of minor online scandals and bad publicity. Consequently, Rory’s relationship with her mother and grandmother deteriorated further – neither of the women enjoyed the fact that Rory depicted their family as some sort of a classless rich…or worse, but they still tried to keep in touch – sort of, at least for a while…

4. More about the book (part 3)

The book itself did became famous, or rather infamous, for some time – but mostly because of the publishing house’s ‘no refunds’ policy. People took to complaining and trying to sue the organization in question, which launched a defence of its’ policy and a threat of a defamation suit. As a result, they gained the reputation of hard-liners and loyal to their clients, but also of being rather unscrupulous and unpredictable (in a bad manner) as well. Rory’s book became a representative of ‘bad attitude’ and Rory herself became infamous and unpopular, some sort of an anti-feminist or a pseudo-feminist, and it did not do her any wonders; her mother, grandmother and daughter got caught in the fallout as well.

5. Christopher got involved

Christopher, Rory’s father and Lorelai’s ‘first love’ got involved at this point, as the mess of the publishing house prompted his new family to force him to do so. Christopher tried to interfere, but in an inept, high-handed way, causing Lorelai’s ire to go onto him – in a bad, explosive way. The pair re-remembered why they disliked each other so much to begin with, and when the dust settled, Christopher de-facto disowned Rory and her girl, and cut-off all the ties with the Gilmores. What’s more, Luke had not been very amused by Christopher’s interference, and Lorelai was not amused by Luke’s involvement, so the pair put some distance between each other, as Luke remained in SH and Lorelei went to her mother’s new home in Nantucket.

6. Emily

Emily took it hard – the fact that her great-granddaughter is white trash, her daughter is vulgar, and her granddaughter is a spoiled brat (or worse). Her health began to deteriorate, so Lorelai used is as an excuse to move in with her mother under the excuse of taking care of her, and making distance with Luke. Consequently, her relationship with Luke withered, and Emily’s health also deteriorated: Lorelai’s unhealthy eating habits caught up with both women and their weight exploded, (with Rory, it was mostly post-pregnancy weight and she had it somewhat under control). Before long, both of the older Gilmore girls were overweight and out of shape, and Emily’s age finally caught up to her. (The caretaker they hired eventually had to take care of both of them instead).

7. Paris and Doyle

Paris and Doyle were initially on team Rory – tentatively so, more because they disliked Logan than liked Rory (still). More precisely, Paris was on team Rory – Doyle has largely distanced himself from Logan and Rory a while back (he was that sort of a person). When Rory’s book got published and Paris saw Rory’s depictions of herself, Doyle and Logan, she joined the group of people who did not want to associate with the Gilmores anymore, and she made her peace with Logan and his new wife. She and Doyle also made-up, sort of – they are not really married anymore, they just live together and raise their mutual children. Sometimes they dine with Logan and his wife. They do not talk much about Rory and the rest of the Gilmores anymore.

8. Zach and Lane

Zach and Lane got hired to run the Gilmores’ household – the new one, in Nantucket, at first. Mrs. Kim was that good and had that sort of influence with Lorelai Gilmore still. For a while Zach and Lane were reluctant, to say the least, regardless of their initially bad financial situation, (recession and all came to SH at last). But then, as Lorelai grew fatter and more despondent and spoiled on one hand, and Emily grew older, heavier and weaker on the other, the influence of the Kims grew and they realized that working for the Gilmores was not so bad – especially after Mrs. Kim ‘the original’ moved in and became the real head of the household, with none of the Gilmores being able (or willing) to stand up to her. To simplify matters when it came to the will, (and the bulk of Emily and Richard’s fortune actually went to the Kims, cough), Zach himself adopted ‘Kim’ as his last name, and this has helped his mother-in-law to become the matriarch of the family once more. These days the Kims own most of the Gilmores’ old property, including their old property in SH.

9. Sookie and Dragonfly Inn

Sookie was not bothered by Rory’s novel, because she did not read it. She did not really remember Rory, or Lorelai, or the rest of SH at all. She did become a successful chef due to having a competent and amazing manager, and she is quite rich – rich enough to own part of Dragonfly Inn, when Luke tentatively reached-out with this offer: after he and Lorelei drifted apart, their finances suffered – and Sookie came through, or rather her manager did. Sookie never realized what she was doing or what she has done; she has forgotten SH and it has largely forgotten her. At least Rory and her kid are running the Kims’ old antique store, (and are actually good about it, if they are not getting all very well with each other).

10. Jess


Jess tried to win Rory back after Rory returned to SH but Rory did not want him; she did not want to get married to anyone, it seemed. Her daughter’s father remained unknown and Rory just did not appear to want to settle down. She always backed down before Mrs. Kim the elder, but so did everyone else, including Emily, once she got old and feeble enough. After her book was published, Rory and Jess had a confrontation, and Jess left, SH, for good. Where is he now, who knows?