Monday, 25 May 2020

Quarantine entry #65 - May 25


Obligatory disclaimer: real life sucks. Sometimes nothing goes your way, and you just have to accept it. What next?

Let us talk voles. Despite their similar-sounding names, they are not related to the moles, but rather are distant cousins to some of the mouse-named rodents, and close relatives to the hamster-named ones. Pause.

Yes, we have talked about moles in the recent past, and we did mention voles – maybe – when we have talked about mice much earlier. While voles and mice are similar-looking – both are small rodents with long, hairless tails, the voles are less likely to be found inside human homes; they prefer open spaces instead. Mice like those that surroundings that are cramped, with plenty of nooks and crannies to hide in; voles – not so much.

…On the other hand, despite them not being related to moles and shrews, (remember, we have talked about them?), voles prefer to dig tunnels to get around, while mice – not so much. Consequently, despite being roughly the same size, voles are stockier than the mice are; their eyes, ears and noses are smaller than those of the mice; the shrews, since we’re talking comparisons here, also have small eyes and ears, but their noses and snouts are skinny and elongated, almost like proboscises, instead. That is not surprising – shrews, moles and co. do not have much in common with rodents like mice and voles, aside from the latter being eaten by the former, if the opportunity presents itself.

…However, just like moles, voles prefer to dig tunnels to get around, as we have said above. Hence, the smaller eyes, ears and noses than those of mice. That is not too surprising – the vole branch of the rodent family also features such master diggers as the hamsters, which dig out impressive burrows and tunnels underground. The marmots and the ground squirrels, though, are precisely that – ground-dwelling cousins of the tree squirrels; even the chipmunk, which looks like a small squirrel with a shorter tail, is a very good digger – but then again, most rodents are.

Now the element of water – this gives most rodents some pause. Not so the muskrat, which is also a vole cousin, and is the biggest aquatic rodent after the beaver in the Northern Hemisphere. Of course, given just how much bigger the beaver is, that is a relative second… not to mention that the actual biggest rodent on the planet, the capybara, dwarfs both the beavers, (there are two species of them – one American, the second European/Eurasian), and the muskrat. Anything else?

Taxonomy, I suppose. The vole genera – and there are quite a few of them – belong… well, yes, to the Cricetidae family, as do the New World mice, rats, and similar rodents. The aforementioned hamsters belong to a different subfamily, however – Cricetinae, while the voles belong to Arvicolinae; the muskrat and the lemmings also belong to it.

Of them, the voles of the genus Arvicola deserve a mention, as they’re called ‘water voles’ for a reason – they’re aquatic, even if they’re only distantly related to the muskrat. They are the size of small rat, but are chubbier-looking, and are better swimmers than the rats are, which is not surprising – rats are generalists, while the water voles are specialists. There are animals that are called ‘water rats’ instead, but the European species is the European water vole in question, while the rest of those rodents live… mostly in Australia and Papua New Guinea, having few things in common with the ‘true’ mice and rats, but some species live in Africa as well as the New World. Of them, the Florida water rat/round-tailed muskrat, (Neofiber alleni), deserves a special mention, as it is too a cousin of the voles & the ‘true’ muskrat, but, again, it belongs to its’ own ‘tribe’ in the Arvicolinae subfamily.

…In the South America, the rodents that took to the water are also members of the Cricetidae family, but they are more closely related to the hamsters than voles instead. Are not evolution and rodents exciting?..

…Well, this is it for now – see you all soon!


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